Skill Type
• Kick
Step Id
• S1L1BK
Movement Type
• Dynamic
Description
• Student performs backstroke kick while hugging a board, traveling 10m. Builds leg strength, body alignment, and back float confidence.
Coach Guide
• Hug kickboard on chest; Head back, ears in water, eyes up; Small fast kicks from hips; Maintain relaxed body and travel 10m.
Progression Tips
• Start in shallow area; Focus on keeping hips up and relaxed head; Progress to smooth 10m distance.
Common Mistakes
• Kicking from knees; Hips sinking; Head lifting; Board held too tight or too loose.
Coaching Cues
• Relax neck; Look up

Skill Type
• Kick
Step Id
• S2L1BK
Movement Type
• Dynamic
Description
• Student performs backstroke kick with both arms at sides, traveling 10m. Builds balance, body control, and consistent kicking.
Coach Guide
• Arms relaxed at sides; Head back, ears in water; Small fast kicks from hips; Maintain steady kick for 10m.
Progression Tips
• Start with short distances; Emphasize body alignment (hips up); Gradually increase distance; Build endurance and steady rhythm.
Common Mistakes
• Kicking from knees; Hips sinking; Head lifting or turning; Arms too stiff.
Coaching Cues
• Relax neck; Small steady kicks; Keep hips high; Arms gently at sides; Look up.

Skill Type
• Pull
Step Id
• S3L1BK
Movement Type
• Dynamic
Description
• Student performs backstroke kick with one arm extended (ear), one arm by thigh, traveling 10m. Builds body alignment, balance, and preparation for backstroke arm movement.
Coach Guide
• One arm extended straight beside ear; Other arm resting on thigh; Head back, hips up; Small steady kicks for 10m.
Progression Tips
• Start short (3–5m); Focus on body alignment; Alternate practice on left and right arms; Build to smooth 10m kick.
Common Mistakes
• Kicking from knees; Hips sinking; Arm not fully extended; Head lifting or turning.
Coaching Cues
• Long body; Arm stretched beside ear; Small fast kicks; Keep hips high; Relaxed head looking up.

Skill Type
• Kick
Step Id
• S4L1BK
Movement Type
• Dynamic
Description
• Student performs backstroke streamline kick (both arms extended overhead) while kicking on back for 10m. Builds streamlined body position, balance, and efficient kick.
Coach Guide
• Arms extended straight overhead in streamline; Squeeze ears with arms; Head back, eyes up; Small fast kicks for 10m.
Progression Tips
• Start with supported glide; Emphasize straight arms and high hips; Gradually build distance with consistent kicking.
Common Mistakes
• Arms not fully extended; Kicking from knees; Hips sinking; Head lifting.
Coaching Cues
• Long streamline; Arms squeezing ears; Small fast kicks; Keep hips high; Relaxed head.

Skill Type
• Pull
Step Id
• S1L2BK
Movement Type
• Stagnant
Description
• Student practices backstroke arm pull movement while standing, focusing on correct arm path and body rotation awareness.
Coach Guide
• Stand in shallow water; Eyes looking forward; Perform single arm backstroke pull with full range of motion; Alternate arms.
Progression Tips
• Practice slowly to ensure correct pull path; Emphasize body rotation and shoulder movement; Add breathing rhythm if needed.
Common Mistakes
• Arm pulling too shallow; Not rotating shoulders; Head moving with pull; Tense arms.
Coaching Cues
• Long pull; Rotate shoulder; Keep head steady; Smooth arm recovery.

Skill Type
• Kick
Step Id
• S1L3BK
Movement Type
• Dynamic
Description
• Student performs 4 backstroke kicks with one arm extended (ear) and one arm on thigh, followed by 1 arm pull, repeating this pattern over 10m. Builds arm-leg coordination and body balance.
Coach Guide
• One arm extended straight beside ear; Other arm on thigh; Perform 4 small fast kicks, then 1 smooth arm pull; Maintain body alignment throughout.
Progression Tips
• Practice slowly with clear 4-kick + 1- pull pattern; Alternate practice on left and right arm positions; Build rhythm and distance.
Common Mistakes
• Kicking from knees; Hips sinking during pull; Arm not fully extended; Pull too fast or shallow.
Coaching Cues
• Long stretch; Small steady kicks; Smooth pull; Maintain high hips and body balance.

Skill Type
• Pull
Step Id
• S2L3BK
Movement Type
• Dynamic
Description
• Student performs continuous backstroke arm pulls with steady back kick for a distance of 15m. Builds full stroke coordination, endurance, and breathing control.
Coach Guide
• Arms alternate continuous backstroke pull; Small fast kicks from hips; Keep body flat and hips high; Swim 15m without stopping.
Progression Tips
• Start short (5–10m); Focus on smooth arm pull and steady kick; Gradually increase to full 15m distance with good rhythm.
Common Mistakes
• Kicking from knees; Arms pulling too shallow; Hips sinking; Head turning too much.
Coaching Cues
• Smooth arm pull; Small steady kicks; Keep hips high; Look up, stay relaxed and balanced.